Consonant
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“N Svt Rss, cnsnnts nd Y!!”
~ Rssn rvrsl n Cnsnnts
“Vwls? Wh nds thm?”
~ Scr Wld n Cnsnnts
Cnsnnt s snd n spkn lngg tht s chrctrzd by clsr r strctr f th vcl trct sffcnt t cs dbl trblnc. Th wrd cnsnnt cms frm Ltn nd mns "sndng wth" r "sndng tgthr," th d bng tht cnsnnts dn't snd n thr wn, bt ccr nly wth nrby vwl, whch s th cs n Ltn. Ths cncptn f cnsnnts, hwvr, ds nt rflct th mdrn lngstc ndrstndng whch dfns cnsnnts n trms f vcl trct cnstrctn.
Snc th nmbr f cnsnnts n th wrld's lnggs s mch grtr thn th nmbr f cnsnnt lttrs n ny n lphbt, lngsts hv dvsd systms sch s th ntrntnl Phntc lphbt (P) t ssgn nq smbl t ch pssbl cnsnnt. N fct, th Ltn lphbt, whch s sd t wrt nglsh, hs fwr cnsnnt lttrs thn nglsh hs cnsnnt snds, s sm lttrs rprsnt mr thn n cnsnnt, nd dgrph s lk "sh" nd "th" r sd t rprsnt sm snds. Mny spkrs rn't vn wr tht th "th" snd n "ths" s dffrnt snd frm th "th" snd n "thng" (n th P thy'r [ð] nd [θ], rspctvly).
Ch cnsnnt cn b dstngshd by svrl ftrs:
- Th mnnr f rtcltn s th mthd tht th cnsnnt s rtcltd, sch s nsl (thrgh th ns), stp (cmplt bstrctn f r), r pprxmnt (vwl lk).
- Th plc f rtcltn s whr n th vcl trct th bstrctn f th cnsnnt ccrs, nd whch spch rgns r nvlvd. Plcs ncld blbl (bth lps), lvlr (tng gnst th gm rdg), nd vlr (tng gnst sft plt). ddtnlly, thr my b smltns nrrwng t nthr plc f rtcltn, sch s pltlstn r phrynglstn.
- Th phntn f cnsnnt s hw th vcl crds vbrt drng th rtcltn. Whn th vcl crds vbrt flly, th cnsnnt s clld vcd; whn thy d nt vbrt t ll, t's vclss.
- Th vc nst tm (VT) ndcts th tmng f th phntn. sprtn s ftr f VT.
- Th rstrm mchnsm s hw th r mvng thrgh th vcl trct s pwrd. Mst lnggs hv xclsvly plmnc grssv cnsnnts, whch s th lngs nd dphrgm, bt jctvs, clcks, nd mplsvs s dffrnt mchnsms.
- Th lngth s hw lng th bstrctn f cnsnnt lsts. Ths ftr s nt dstnctv n nglsh, bt vrs lnggs sch s tln, Jpns nd Fnnsh hv tw lngth lvls, "sngl" nd "gmnt". stnn nd sm Sm lnggs hv thr phnmc lngths: shrt, gmnt, nd lng gmnt.
- Th rtcltry frc s hw mch msclr nrgy s nvlvd. Ths hs bn prpsd mny tms, bt n dstnctn rlyng xclsvly n frc hs vr bn dmnstrtd.
ll nglsh cnsnnts cn b clssfd by cmbntn f ths ftrs, sch s "vclss lvlr stp cnsnnt" [t]. n ths cs th rstrm mchnsm s mttd.
Sm prs f cnsnnts lk p::b, t::d r smtms clld frts nd lns, bt ths s phnlgcl rthr thn phntc dstnctn.
[edit] Cnsnnt s symbl
Th wrd cnsnnt s ls sd t rfr t lttr f n lphbt tht dnts cnsnnt snd. Cnsnnt lttrs n th nglsh lphbt r B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Z, nd slly Y: Th lttr Y stnds fr th cnsnnt [j] n "yk" bt fr th vwl [ɪ] n "myth", fr xmpl.
[edit] S ls
[edit] Xtrnl lnks
- ntrctv mnnr nd plc f rtcltn
- Dctnry f ll-Cnsnnt Wrds: fr nln dctnry wth vr 1,000 wrds wth n vwls nd xmpls f sg frm ltrtr.
| Ths rtcl ws rgnlly sprkd frm Wkpd. |
 Jst lk mst Gcts sts, ths rtcl s stll bng wrkd n. S gv m jst 7 dys nd |
